How to plan a trip to Colombia

Heading to Colombia for the first time? Great choice! You can trek through misty cloud forests, explore ancient ruins, sip some of the world’s finest coffee, and kick back on stunning tropical beaches—all without breaking the bank. With the right planning, it’s all possible. This guide will help you navigate the highlights and make the most of your time in this incredible country, from the best destinations to smart travel tips. Let’s dive into your step-by-step roadmap for planning a trip to Colombia.

Step 1: Define your trip's parameters

When to do this: 4-6 months before (6+ months if traveling during December-February or Carnaval season)

Planning can feel overwhelming, so it’s best to just take it one step at a time. You’ll want to start with the basics: when to go, how long to stay, and generally, how much you want to spend.

If you're really unsure, it can help to look at sample itineraries to see how others have planned their trips to get a good idea (see our 10 days, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks itineraries for inspiration).

Decisions to make:

• What time of year to go?
• How much to spend?
• How many days are enough? 

When's the best time to visit Colombia?

Colombia is a year-round destination, but the best time depends on what you're looking for. The high season (December to February) has great weather and festivals but also higher prices and more tourists. The shoulder season (July to September) will be the best for most because of the good weather with fewer crowds. 

If you're interested in festivals, plan around events like Carnaval de Barranquilla (February), Feria de las Flores in Medellín (August), or Feria de Cali (December). These events bring incredible energy but require booking accommodation in advance.

What are Colombia's rainy seasons like?

Colombia has two rainy seasons: April to May and October to November. But it doesn’t rain all day—usually, showers happen in the afternoons. The Caribbean coast tends to stay drier, while the Andean region gets more rain. The Amazon is humid year-round, so expect some rain no matter when you visit.

What month has the best weather in Colombia?

This depends quite a bit on the region. The Caribbean coast, including Cartagena, is sunny and dry from December to April. Bogotá is most pleasant between December and March. Medellín, known as the "City of Eternal Spring," has comfortable weather year-round. The coffee region is best from July to September.

How much does a trip to Colombia usually cost?

Colombia is affordable, but costs depend on your travel style:

• Budget travelers (150,000-250,000 COP / $40-65 USD per day): Hostels, street food, public transport, and free or low-cost activities.
• Mid-range travelers (250,000-500,000 COP / $65-130 USD per day): Comfortable hotels, domestic flights, guided tours, and a mix of local and sit-down restaurants.
• Luxury travelers (500,000+ COP / $130+ USD per day): Boutique hotels, fine dining, private tours, and exclusive experiences like yacht trips in Cartagena or luxury eco-lodges in the Amazon.

How many days are enough for Colombia?

A 10-day trip covers Colombia’s highlights, but two weeks gives you a more relaxed pace. If you're adding the Amazon or Pacific Coast, three weeks is ideal. Coffee lovers should consider adding 4-5 days in the Coffee Region to visit farms, hike, and enjoy the local culture. Extra time means less rushing and a chance to really take it all in.

Step 2: Make your trip "wish list"

When to do this: 4-6 months before

Now’s the time to list everything you’d love to see and do in Colombia. Don’t worry about narrowing it down just yet—just write down your dream destinations, experiences, and foods you want to try. 

Mapping out your picks can help you see how they fit together geographically. If you’re planning with others, using a shared Google Map can keep everything organized and make collaboration easy. This way, everyone can add their must-sees and get a clear overview of the trip.

Cities to visit in Colombia

Colombia’s cities each bring something different to the table, shaped by their history, geography, and local cultures. Some are known for their colonial architecture, others for their lively nightlife or innovative vibe. Here's a closer look at some cities worth checking out:

• Bogotá: Bogotá sits high in the Andes, with cooler mountain air and a mix of old and new. The colonial architecture in La Candelaria is a great starting point, and the Gold Museum gives a fascinating glimpse into Colombia’s pre-Colombian history. If you’re there on a Sunday, the flea market in Usaquén is a fun spot for artisanal goods and street performances. 
• Cartagena: This Caribbean city is known for its colorful colonial buildings and lively street culture. The beaches can get crowded, so if you’re looking for something quieter, consider a day trip to the Rosario Islands for better swimming and snorkeling.
• Medellín: Medellín’s transformation from a city once known for violence to a hub for art and innovation is impressive. Comuna 13 is worth a visit for its street art, and riding the cable cars gives you great views of the city. If you're interested in learning about the city's past, stop by Casa de la Memoria.
• Cali: Cali has a laid-back vibe with a strong Afro-Colombian influence and is famous for its salsa. If you’re up for it, taking a salsa class is a great way to experience this side of the city firsthand.

Best natural wonders

Colombia is one of the most biodiverse countries, with landscapes ranging from the Amazon rainforest to Andean peaks and beautiful coastlines. Here are a few natural wonders you might want to explore:

• Cocora Valley (2 days): Home to the world's tallest palm trees, this misty valley offers surreal landscapes and excellent hiking. The wax palms can reach heights of 60 meters, creating an other-worldly forest.
• Tayrona National Park (2-3 days): Tayrona is where mountains meet the Caribbean, creating a mix of jungle, beaches, and rich biodiversity. There are also ancient ruins and nearby indigenous communities that make it a place with both natural and cultural significance
• Caño Cristales (3 days): Often called the “River of Five Colors,” Caño Cristales stands out due to the vivid hues it displays between June and November, thanks to unique aquatic plants. You’ll need to plan ahead for access, as it requires guided tours to navigate the area.
• Amazon Rainforest (4-5 days): For a true Amazon experience, head to Leticia. The area is full of lush rainforest, and you'll get the chance to encounter wildlife like pink river dolphins and hundreds of bird species. The indigenous communities here also offer a fascinating look into the way they live in this environment.

Best hiking trails and national parks

Colombia has a range of hiking trails, from challenging mountain routes to easy day hikes, and there are really plenty of options to enjoy its unique landscapes.

• Los Nevados National Park: Home to snow-capped volcanoes and páramo ecosystems, best visited from June to August. The Paramillo del Quindío trail offers stunning views of multiple volcanoes, while the Santa Isabel glacier trek challenges experienced hikers.
• El Cocuy National Park: This park offers dramatic Andean landscapes with peaks reaching over 5,300 meters. The dry season (December-March) is ideal for visiting. Trails like Ritacuba Blanco and Laguna Grande de la Sierra will show you some of the park’s best scenery.
• Chingaza National Park: Close to Bogotá, featuring high-altitude wetlands and endangered spectacled bears. The Lagunas de Siecha trail and Plantas del Camino Real offer accessible day hikes with spectacular páramo views.

Off-the-beaten-path 

For a more authentic experience, you can explore Colombia’s lesser-known towns and hidden gems. These areas are great to visit, and you aren’t likely to find tourist crowds.

• Villa de Leyva (Boyacá): Reached by a 4-hour bus from Bogotá, this perfectly preserved colonial town sits in a desert microclimate. Local paleontology museums showcase incredible fossils, while the Saturday market draws artisans from across the region.
• Mompox: Access via small plane or 6-hour drive from Cartagena reveals a time-capsule colonial town on the Magdalena River. The unique filigree jewelry workshops offer hands-on artisan experiences found nowhere else in Colombia.
• Guatapé: Two hours from Medellín by bus, this lakeside town famous for its colorful zócalos (house decorations) offers unique photography opportunities. Climb El Peñol for panoramic views and take a private boat tour to abandoned mansions on the lake.
• San Gil: Reached by bus from Bucaramanga, this adventure sports capital offers world-class paragliding and whitewater rafting. The nearby Barichara walking trail provides stunning views of the Chicamocha Canyon without the usual tourist crowds.

Step 3: Start any administrative tasks

When to do this: 2-3 months before

It might not be the most exciting part of the planning, but handling the admin side early on will save you time and stress down the line. Sorting out things like your visa and vaccinations ahead of time can prevent any last-minute issues. A lot of people make the mistake of leaving this until the week before they leave, which can lead to unnecessary problems. Getting it done early lets you focus on the fun stuff later.

Decisions to make:

• Do you need a visa?
• Do you need travel insurance?
• What vaccines or paperwork do you need to gather?

Do you need a visa to go to Colombia?

Colombia has a pretty easy-going visa policy for many travelers, especially from places like North America and Europe. Most visitors can enter without a visa and get a 90-day stay right when they arrive. You’ll receive a tourist card during your flight, so make sure you hang on to it, as you'll need it later. 

Also, double-check that your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your planned departure date. Even though the process is usually simple, it’s always a good idea to verify your specific country’s requirements with official sources before you go.

Tourist stay duration

You’ll get an initial 90-day stay, and if you need to stay longer, you can extend it for up to 180 days in total per year. The extension process isn’t difficult, but you’ll need to take care of it before your original stay runs out. You can handle it online through the Migración Colombia website or in person at their offices in major cities.

What vaccines do you need for Colombia?

Before heading to Colombia, make sure your regular vaccinations are up to date. If you’re planning to visit the Amazon, you’ll need a yellow fever shot, and it’s best to get it at least 10 days before you travel. Hepatitis A is also recommended for everyone. These are the main ones, but you should also check the CDC website or talk to your travel health provider to get the latest info based on your health and where you’ll be going.

Step 4: Plan your route through Colombia

When to do this: 2-3 months before

Setting early parameters for your trip is key because it helps you map out the big picture before getting lost in the details. By deciding on key factors like how long you’ll stay in each place, you’ll avoid overpacking your schedule and end up with a much smoother experience. A common mistake is leaving these decisions too late, which often leads to rushing through destinations or scrambling to book last-minute transport.

Decisions to make:

• How many places can you visit during your trip?
• How will you travel from place to place?
• How many days of your trip do you want to be traveling?

How do you get around Colombia?

Getting around Colombia can be pretty straightforward once you’ve nailed down your transportation preferences.

Flying vs buses in Colombia

Domestic flights are a good option for longer distances. Airlines like Avianca, LATAM, and Viva Air are pretty affordable, especially if you book early. Flying also saves you time, which is important considering Colombia’s mountainous landscape. On the other hand, buses are cheaper and a solid choice for shorter trips, especially if you're exploring the coffee region. If you take an overnight bus, keep in mind it’s usually not as comfortable as flying, but there are VIP services on major routes that offer a bit more comfort.

Should I rent a car in Colombia?

Renting a car in Colombia is possible, but it can come with some challenges. The mountain roads can be slower than you might expect, and parking in cities can be tricky and pricey. If you want to avoid the hassle, hiring a driver for day trips might be a better option. But if you do decide to rent a car, pick one with good ground clearance, especially for unpaved roads.

How many days do you need in each place?

It’s a good idea to plan your time carefully so you can enjoy each destination without feeling rushed. Here’s a rough breakdown of how long to stay in each place:

• Cartagena: 3-4 days (more if you want beach time). There’s a lot to explore in the historic center and nearby islands.
• Medellín: 4-5 days (including day trips). Explore the city and plan a day trip to places like Guatapé or Santa Fe.
• Bogotá: 3-4 days. Make sure to visit the museums and historic areas, and check out the food scene.
• Coffee Region: 4-5 days minimum. You’ll want time to visit farms, hike Cocora Valley, and explore the small towns.
• Tayrona: 2-3 days. Hike to a few beaches and take in the park’s natural beauty.
• Amazon: 4 days minimum. Make sure to factor in travel time and plan for several excursions to experience the rainforest.

It’s always a good idea to add a few buffer days. You never know if something might get delayed or shifted.

Step 5: Lock in the major bookings

When to do this: 2-3 months before (4+ months for December-February)

At this point, you’ll want to make your major bookings, like international flights and accommodation. Doing this early is helpful, I find, because it tends to be easier for me to get these large purchases out of the way, so I can have a better sense of my budget for the rest of the trip. 

Decisions to make:

• How are you getting to Colombia?
• Where to stay?

How to save money on plane tickets

Flight prices to Colombia can change a lot, so booking at least 2-3 months ahead of time will help you get better deals, especially for high season (December-February). If possible, try to fly mid-week instead of the weekend, since flights are often cheaper. Also, consider flying into one city and out of another—arriving in Bogotá and leaving from Cartagena can be a good way to see more of the country. Keep in mind that prices can go up around major Colombian holidays

How to get to Colombia from the US

There are several airlines that fly direct from major US cities to Colombia’s main airports, including Bogotá (BOG), Medellín (MDE), and Cartagena (CTG). American Airlines, Avianca, and JetBlue operate frequent flights from places like Miami, New York, and Fort Lauderdale. Flight times vary from about 3 hours from Miami to Cartagena to 6 hours from New York to Bogotá. 

Where to stay in Colombia

Colombia has plenty of different places to stay, whether you want to be in the city, in the countryside, or by the beach. 

Where to stay in Cartagena

The walled city is great if you want to be near the main sights, with cozy hotels in historic buildings. For something a little quieter and more local, Getsemaní has street art, local restaurants, and more affordable places to stay. If you're into the beach, Bocagrande is the spot, though it’s more modern and less historic.

Where to stay in Medellín

If you’re new to Medellín, El Poblado is a good place to start with plenty of restaurants, bars, and easy transport. Laureles is quieter and more laid-back, with cafes and parks, and it’s a bit cheaper than El Poblado. If you’re after peace and quiet, Envigado is a residential area that’s still close to the city center. 

Where to stay in the coffee region

Salento is a great spot to use as a base if you want to explore the Cocora Valley and go hiking. For a deeper dive into coffee culture, staying on a working coffee farm is a unique experience, with options to suit different budgets. If you’d like a more comfortable place with a bit of local history, you can check out one of the luxury haciendas. If you prefer more amenities and easier access to attractions, Montenegro or Armenia are larger towns nearby.

Where to stay in Bogotá

La Candelaria is the historic heart of Bogotá, with colonial buildings and museums just around the corner. For something more modern, head to Zona T, known for its shopping, dining, and nightlife. Usaquén is a quieter neighborhood with local cafes and boutiques. Bogotá’s public transport system makes it easy to get around no matter where you stay.

Step 6: Plan and book your activities

When to do this: 1-2 months before

It’s best to book your activities 1-2 months in advance, especially for popular spots that limit availability. Waiting too long can mean missing out or dealing with limited options. A common mistake is thinking you can plan everything last minute—getting things sorted early just makes everything easier and less stressful.

Decisions to make:

• What activities are most important?
• What attractions need advance booking?

What attractions need advance booking?

These are some of the best things to do in Colombia, so you’ll want to make sure you have booked it ahead of time:

• Lost City Trek (Santa Marta): If you're planning to do this during high season (December-March), try to book 2-3 months ahead. The groups are small, and the best guides fill up quickly. Plus, you'll need permits for all hikers.
• Cocora Valley hiking (Salento): You don’t need to book the valley itself, but guided tours with transportation should be booked 1-2 weeks ahead during peak seasons. Early morning visits (before 9 AM) tend to have the clearest views.
• Amazon lodges (Leticia): For December-February or July-August, it's best to reserve 3-4 months in advance. Many lodges have limited space and require advance payment. Multi-day packages that include transfers and activities are usually a good option.
• Tayrona National Park camping: Popular eco-lodges and hammock spots tend to book up months ahead during high season. The park sometimes closes for indigenous ceremonies, so check the dates. During peak periods, you’ll also need permits to enter.

What to do in Cartagena

Cartagena’s Old City is full of colorful streets and colonial buildings, and it’s a great place to wander. The Getsemaní neighborhood has a cool, artistic vibe with lots of street art. You can also take a day trip to the Rosario Islands for a chance to snorkel in crystal-clear waters. Tayrona National Park, further along the coast, combines beautiful beaches with jungle trails. For something more challenging, the Lost City trek in the Sierra Nevada mountains leads to ancient ruins and incredible views.

What to do in Medellín & Antioquia region

In Medellín, start with a visit to Comuna 13, where you’ll see outdoor escalators and impressive street art that highlight the city’s transformation. You can also take the Metrocable up to Parque Arví for hiking and great mountain views. In the city center, Plaza Botero showcases the artist’s famous sculptures. If you’ve got time for day trips, visit Guatapé with its giant rock and colorful town, or head to Santa Fe de Antioquia for a taste of colonial charm.

What to do in Bogotá

Begin with La Candelaria, the historic heart of the city, and check out the Gold Museum, which showcases a fascinating collection of pre-Colombian artifacts. For a great view, take the cable car or hike up Monserrate. On Sundays, you can join the locals for Ciclovía, when certain streets are close to cars and people enjoy biking and walking. A trip to the Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá, an underground church built inside a salt mine, is well worth it too.

What to do in the coffee region (Eje Cafetero)

The Coffee Region is home to some of Colombia’s most iconic landscapes. You can visit Valle del Cocora to see the giant wax palms, which are an iconic sight. If you're into coffee, take a tour of a local farm and try some tastings. Salento is a great place to stroll through craft shops and try local dishes, like trout. Afterward, you can relax in the thermal hot springs near Santa Rosa or head to Filandia for a fantastic view of the surrounding mountains.

Colombian food experiences

Colombian food reflects the country’s wide range of regions and influences, with everything from hearty soups to fresh seafood. Here are some of the foods you’ll want to try: 

• Ajiaco (La Puerta Falsa, Bogotá): This chicken and potato soup, served with cream, capers, and avocado, is a Bogotá classic. La Puerta Falsa has been serving it since 1816, and the experience feels like stepping into the city’s history.
• Bandeja Paisa (Hacienda, Medellín): A filling plate that includes beans, rice, meat, plantains, avocado, and a fried egg. It's a comfort food from the Antioquia region that’s meant to fill you up.
• Fresh fish (La Cevicheria, Cartagena): The seafood in Cartagena is fresh and often served with coconut rice and plantains. It’s a simple, flavorful dish, and the spot itself has a great reputation.
• Coffee cupping sessions (Hacienda El Balso, Coffee Region): Coffee lovers can get an inside look at how coffee is grown and processed and learn to identify different flavors and aromas during a professional cupping session.
• Exotic fruit tours (Paloquemao Market, Bogotá): Colombia has an impressive variety of fruits, from tree tomatoes to dragon fruit. You can join a local guide at the market to learn how to pick and enjoy them.

Cultural experiences in Colombia

Colombian culture is a mix of indigenous traditions, colonial influences, and modern creativity. Here are some ways to get a feel for it:

• In the Coffee Region, you can visit a family-run coffee farm and join them during the harvest season. It’s a great way to connect with the land and learn about the history of Colombia’s coffee culture. Some farms let you try your hand at roasting your own beans.
• In Valledupar, you can take part in a vallenato music workshop and learn about this UNESCO-recognized genre. It’s a unique way to get to know the culture and history behind the music.
• Visit the Guacamayas community to learn about their traditional basketry. You can watch artisans work with natural fibers and dyes, and they’re happy to share their methods.
• In Cali, salsa is a big part of the city’s identity. You can take a class with a local dance school and learn the distinctive Cali style of salsa. It’s a personal, cultural experience that goes beyond the typical tourist options.

Step 7: Handle the last details

When to do this: 2-4 weeks before

With most of your trip planned, what’s left are the last couple details. Deciding on things like insurance, how you'll stay connected, and what to pack helps avoid last-minute stress. It also means you're less likely to forget something important, so you're ready for whatever comes up.

Decisions to make:

• How do you stay connected?
• What should you pack?
• Other details to check

Getting travel insurance

Travel insurance is a good idea for Colombia, especially if you’re planning on doing things like hiking or water sports. Look for a policy that covers those activities and also includes theft protection for your stuff. Emergency evacuation coverage is also worth considering, particularly if you're heading to more remote areas like the Amazon or high-altitude regions. World Nomads is one option that fits these needs well for Colombia.

Staying connected

In cities, mobile connectivity is pretty solid. You can grab a SIM card at the airport from Claro or Movistar for decent rates. Make sure to download offline maps for your destinations before you arrive—they’ll help you get around without using up data. WhatsApp is a big part of local communication, so it’s worth having for contacting businesses and booking activities.

Should you bring cash?

ATMs are easy to find in most places, and credit cards are accepted in a lot of spots, but it’s always good to have some cash on hand. It’s especially helpful for small purchases, taxis, and markets. Let your bank know about your travel dates so your card isn’t blocked, and bring some USD just in case. It’s easy to exchange if needed.

What should you pack for Colombia?

Colombia has a lot of different climates, so pack accordingly. A lightweight rain jacket is a smart choice, especially for mountain areas where afternoon showers are common. Comfortable shoes are a must for walking around, particularly on cobblestone streets and hiking trails. Sun protection is important at any altitude, and you’ll want modest clothes if you're visiting churches or rural areas. Bug spray is key for tropical spots, and if you’re sensitive to altitude, it’s worth packing some medication.

Should I combine my trip with another country?

While there’s plenty to see in Colombia, you might consider adding a neighboring country to your itinerary. Panama is a good choice if you’re interested in the San Blas Islands, and Ecuador works well if you’re planning to visit the Galapagos. Just keep in mind that distances in South America are long, so internal flights are often necessary. It’s important to plan for the extra time and cost.

Planning a trip to Colombia with kids

Colombia has plenty of activities that are fun for kids. The cable cars in Medellín and Bogotá provide a mix of transportation and great views. Coffee farm tours are another hit with children—they can learn about the process and see animals too. The beaches in Cartagena and along the Caribbean coast are perfect for downtime. Just be cautious about rapid altitude changes, especially in Bogotá, and make sure to allow time for acclimatization. Many hotels have family-friendly amenities and activities. 

Planning a trip as a digital nomad

Medellín has become a popular spot for digital nomads, especially in areas like El Poblado and Laureles, where you’ll find good amenities and a sense of community. Bogotá’s Chapinero and Usaquén districts are also solid, with strong infrastructure and plenty of coworking spaces. Fast internet is available in many places, and you’ll find great networking opportunities in the major cities. If you’re planning to stay longer, the digital nomad visa is an option, though many people start with the 90-day tourist visa.

Planning a trip with experts

Overwhelmed by all the details? You're not alone. Researching and planning takes time, but with our tailor made trips, you can enjoy a journey designed just for you by a local expert who knows the area inside and out. Plus, you’ll have 24/7 support throughout your trip.

Remember to enjoy

It’s easy to feel like you need to rush through the must-see spots, but some of the best experiences come from slowing down and savoring the quiet moments. Now that you’re all set, let go of the need to check off every box and focus on truly enjoying your time—that's the real magic. For more inspiration, check out our trip ideas gallery.