How to plan a trip to Madagascar

Madagascar is a place like no other—it's the fourth-largest island in the world and has some of the most unique wildlife and landscapes you'll come across. But planning a trip here takes a bit of preparation. If you’re wondering how to plan a trip to Madagascar and are starting to feel a little overwhelmed, you are in the right place. 

How to plan a trip to Madagascar? 

Planning your first trip to Madagascar? It’s an unforgettable destination, but getting there takes some prep. With its unique ecosystems and wildlife, Madagascar is a dream, but its limited tourism infrastructure and complex transportation can be tricky to navigate. 

My advice? Spread your planning over a few months: you'll want to balance between researching destinations and booking things to avoid overwhelm. It’s a long process, so take your time with it. Sometimes looking at a sample Madagascar itinerary might be helpful for some. 

This guide breaks down the Madagascar planning process into manageable steps, spread over several months. It covers everything from setting your trip parameters and making your wish list to taking care of the necessary paperwork and finalizing your bookings.
 

Step 1: Define your trip's parameters

When to do this: 5-7 months before (7+ months if traveling June-September, the high season)

I’ve found that breaking up my Madagascar planning into monthly chunks made it much easier to handle. Start by setting your travel dates and budget, then tackle each planning phase—research, bookings, and packing prep—one month at a time. Don’t stress if things get delayed; what matters is that you’re making steady progress toward a great trip.

When's the best time to visit Madagascar?

If you're heading to Madagascar, aim for June to September. This is the high season, and the weather’s cooler and drier across most of the island—ideal if you’re hoping to spot wildlife, especially lemurs. If you’d rather skip the peak crowds (and maybe save a bit), the shoulder seasons—April to May and October to November—can be a good call. You’ll still get decent weather, just with fewer people around. For a more detailed look at the weather, see our guide to the best time to visit Madagascar. 

What months make up the rainy season in Madagascar?

The rainy season runs from November through April. During this time, the northwest monsoon brings heavy rains to much of the island. That said, it’s not the same everywhere—the east coast gets a lot of rain year-round, while the southern part of the island stays fairly dry even during these months.

Cyclones are most common from January to March, especially along the northeast coast near Antsiranana and Toamasina. They can cause flooding and travel disruptions, so it’s not the easiest time to get around.

What is the hottest month in Madagascar?

That depends on where you are. Madagascar’s weather shifts a lot between regions, but in general, the hottest stretch is from November to April. December tends to be the peak in many places.

If you’re by the coast—especially in spots like Mahajanga on the west side—expect daytime highs around 95°F (35°C) or more. Inland, in the central highlands around Antananarivo, it’s a lot milder thanks to the elevation. Even in the hottest months, it usually hovers around 77°F (25°C) there.
So if the coastal heat feels like too much, you can always head inland for cooler air. Madagascar’s varied climate means you’ve got options 
 

How much does a trip to Madagascar usually cost?

Costs can vary a lot depending on where you go and how you travel. Antananarivo (the capital) tends to be more expensive than rural areas, and beach spots like Nosy Be usually cost more than mainland destinations. How to plan a trip to Madagascar will differ depending on your budget.

• Budget (100,000–200,000 Ariary / $25–50 per day): This gets you basic guesthouses, simple meals from street vendors or local restaurants, and public transport like taxi-brousses. If you stick to smaller towns and connect with local guides, you can get a good experience without spending much.
• Mid-range (200,000–600,000 Ariary / $50–150 per day): With this budget, you’re looking at comfortable hotels, better meals, some private transport between locations, and a few organized day trips. It’s a common range for international travelers who want to explore without going too bare-bones or too high-end.
• Higher-end (600,000+ Ariary / $150+ per day): At this level, you’ll get things like nicer lodges in national parks, a private driver, specialized wildlife tours, and meals at more upscale restaurants. It’s also what you’d need to stay in beachfront bungalows or reach some of the more remote spots.
   

How many days are enough for Madagascar?

The first thing you need to know about how to plan a trip to Madagascar is that you’ll want at least 14 days. It’s a huge place—about the size of France—and getting around isn’t quick. Roads can be rough, and even short distances take time. If you try to cover too much, you’ll end up spending more time in transit than actually enjoying the country. To really experience it, pick 2–3 regions and do them properly. 

Should I combine my trip to Madagascar with other destinations?

You can, but it depends on your priorities. Nearby islands like Mauritius, Réunion, or Seychelles are popular add-ons for travelers who want some beach time with a bit more convenience. These islands have a different feel and are easier to navigate in some ways.

Trips to mainland Africa—places like South Africa, Kenya, or Tanzania—are possible too, but the logistics are more complicated. You’ll likely need to book separate flights and check visa requirements.

Before you start adding on other stops, make sure you’ve allowed enough time for Madagascar itself. A lot of people don’t realize how long it takes to get around the island, and it’s easy to underestimate the distances. If you’re coming all this way, it makes sense to slow down a bit.
 

Step 2: Make your trip "wish list"

When to do this: 4-6 months before

This is the part where you start figuring out what you actually want to do in Madagascar. Don’t worry about the logistics yet—just jot down everything that sounds good. Think of it as your dream list. Start with a few places you know you don’t want to miss, and then build around them.

It helps to pin everything on a map—Google My Maps is a good option. You’ll start to see how far apart things are, which makes planning easier later. If you’re traveling with other people, some kind of group chat can be useful. Everyone can throw in ideas, vote on what matters most, and keep things organized without too much back and forth. If you're planning something for you and your significant other, you might want to see our sample Madagascar honeymoon itinerary.

What are the must-see places in Madagascar?

Madagascar is full of unique landscapes and experiences. From wildlife encounters to incredible rock formations, there's a lot to see. Here's a few of my favorites, or see our guide to the best places to visit in Madagascar. 

National parks & wildlife

Madagascar’s long isolation has led to some of the world’s most unique wildlife. Around 90% of the species here, including lemurs, chameleons, and leaf-tailed geckos, are found nowhere else. With 47 national parks and reserves, each offers its own special ecosystem and wildlife. To learn more about this fascinating island and the creatures that call it home, see our guide to Madagascar wildlife. 

• Andasibe-Mantadia National Park (Perinet): This park is known for the Indri, a large lemur whose call you’ll probably hear before you see it. It’s one of the easier parks to get to and a solid introduction to Madagascar’s wildlife. Best time to visit is March through November. The 3-hour Circuit Indri is a good starting point, and the night walks are worth doing if you want to see what’s active after dark. 
• Ranomafana National Park: A lush, hilly rainforest where you might spot up to 12 different types of lemurs, including the rare golden bamboo lemur. April to November is the best window to go—cyclone season runs January through March and can make things tricky. For wildlife, the Varibolomena Trail is an easier option, while the Vohiparara Trail is longer and more challenging, with some great views.
• Isalo National Park: Known for its canyons, sandstone formations, and swimming holes. It has a very different feel compared to Madagascar’s rainforests. Dry season (May to October) is the best time to explore. The Canyon des Singes and Piscine Naturelle trails are popular and give a good sense of the landscape.
• Kirindy Forest Reserve: If you want a chance to see the fossa—Madagascar’s top predator—this is a good place to try. The forest is also home to several nocturnal lemur species. Roads are easier to navigate from April to November. A short morning circuit usually leads to some good wildlife sightings, and the night walks are a different experience entirely.
• Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park: This place has those sharp limestone formations you see in photos—it’s a pretty unusual landscape, and one of the best known national parks of Madagascar. You’ll want to go during the dry season (April to November), since access is limited outside of that. The Andamozavaky circuit takes you across suspended bridges with big views, while Petit Tsingy is a shorter route if you’re looking for something less demanding.
• Masoala National Park: Remote, but worth the trip if you want rainforest and coastline in one place. July to October tends to be drier, and it’s also when whales are around. The trail between Tampolo and Ambodiforaha gets you a bit of everything: dense forest, beach, and plenty of wildlife along the way.
   

Coastal areas

Madagascar has over 3,000 miles of coastline, and the beaches vary a lot depending on where you are. 

• Nosy Be Archipelago: A go-to spot for beaches and calm water. Andilana and Ambatoloaka are two of the more well-known stretches of sand, and the snorkeling and diving here are solid. September through November usually means good weather, and you might see humpback whales if you make a trip to Nosy Iranja, a nearby island that’s connected to the mainland by a sandbar at low tide.
• Île Sainte-Marie (Nosy Boraha): Slower-paced than Nosy Be, with some interesting history—there’s even an old pirate cemetery in Ambodifotatra. The beaches along the eastern shore are quieter, while the western side has calmer water for swimming. Humpback whales pass through the channel from July to September.
• Fort Dauphin / Tolagnaro Region: This area has a mix of mountain views and different types of beaches. Libanona tends to be windier, while Manafiafy is more sheltered. Baie des Galions is a nice turquoise bay, and if you want something more out of the way, the Lokaro Peninsula is a quiet spot only reachable by boat.
• Morondava Coast: This stretch is home to the famous Avenue of the Baobabs, especially striking at sunset. Nosy Kely and Kimony Beach are laid-back places to relax, and Betania Beach is calm enough for swimming. May through October is a good time to go, especially if you want to combine the coast with nearby forest or Tsingy day trips.

Best natural wonders

Madagascar’s landscapes feel different because they are. After being isolated for over 88 million years, the island developed its own ecosystems — which means a lot of what you’ll see here doesn’t exist anywhere else. From giant trees to limestone formations, these spots are worth building into your trip.

• Avenue of the Baobabs (1 day): Just outside Morondava, this dirt road is lined with huge baobab trees, some reaching up to 30 meters tall. They’ve been standing here for hundreds of years — leftovers from what used to be a much denser forest. These days, the baobabs rise out of farmland, which makes them even more striking. It’s especially nice early in the morning or around sunset when the light changes. You can easily visit it as a day trip from town.
• Tsingy de Bemaraha Stone Forest (2–3 days): This area is made up of jagged limestone formations that stick up like needles — some more than 50 meters high. It’s a protected national park, and there are walkways and suspension bridges that let you explore parts of the stone forest. There’s a surprising amount of wildlife in the cracks and canyons, too. It takes a while to get here, so it’s best if you’ve got a few days to spend.
• Masoala Peninsula (3–5 days): This is where thick rainforest runs right up to the coast. It’s one of the more biodiverse parts of the island, with everything from red-ruffed lemurs to coral reefs. You’ll find quiet beaches, dense jungle trails, and the kind of mix that makes it easy to stay a few days. If you’re into both hiking and snorkeling, it’s a solid place to base yourself.
• Spiny Forests of the South (2–3 days): Down south near Ifaty and the Berenty Reserve, the landscape gets drier and weirder — in a good way. You’ll see spiky octopus trees, fat-trunked baobabs, and a lot of plant life you won’t recognize. Nearly all of it is endemic, shaped by the tough climate. Getting around can take some effort, so it works well as part of a longer trip through the south.
   

Adventure activities

Madagascar’s landscapes make for an ideal spot for adventure lovers. From climbing limestone pinnacles to diving in pristine coral reefs, you’ll find experiences you won’t get anywhere else. The island's isolation has preserved not only unique wildlife but also outdoor activities that are still untouched by mass tourism. 

Whale watching (July–September)

From July to September, humpback whales make their way from Antarctica to the warm waters between Île Sainte-Marie and the mainland. It’s one of the better spots in Madagascar to see them up close. You’ll likely catch them breaching, slapping their tails, or swimming alongside their calves. Tours run daily during the season, and most people do end up seeing whales. Some trips also allow in-water observation, but it's always done with care and distance.
Snorkeling and diving.

If you’re into the water, there’s a lot to see around Nosy Be and Salary Bay. Visibility is usually pretty clear, and the reefs are home to sea turtles, reef sharks, and loads of colorful fish. You can also head out on longer dive trips to places like the Mitsio Archipelago or Nosy Tanikely Marine Reserve. These areas are protected, and the marine life is diverse. Multi-day packages are common if you're looking to explore further out.

Trekking opportunities

For hiking, Andringitra National Park is a good place to start. You can do a multi-day trek to Pic Boby—Madagascar’s second-highest peak—or spend a few days walking through the Tsaranoro Valley, where the granite cliffs are the main draw. If you prefer something shorter or more relaxed, Ranomafana has rainforest trails that only take a few hours. Most parks require a local guide, which actually adds to the trip—they know the terrain, point out animals, and can explain what you're seeing along the way.

River journeys

Drifting down the Tsiribihina River in a wooden pirogue is a slower-paced way to travel, but that’s part of the appeal. Over three days, you’ll float past gorges, open plains, and small villages that aren’t reachable by road. It’s basic—nights are spent camping on the riverbank—but you get to see another side of the country. There’s also a good chance of spotting lemurs after dark or birds along the way.

Cultural activities

Madagascar’s cultural landscape is just as important as the country’s natural surroundings. This island is home to 18 different ethnic groups, and it’s worth spending some time with local communities.

Participate in traditional craft workshops

If you’re in Ambalavao, it’s worth checking out a workshop where Antaimoro paper is made by hand. The technique has been passed down for generations, and watching the process gives you a quiet moment to slow down. It’s a short visit, but buying something directly from the makers helps support the craft.

Explore local markets

Markets like Marché Artisanal La Digue in Antananarivo are easy places to pick up handmade goods and meet the people who make them. Even a quick look around gives you a sense of what’s being made locally. 

Attend cultural performances

Live music and dance are still part of everyday life in many places. If there’s a performance happening nearby, go check it out. Some are casual, even impromptu, but they’re a good way to get a feel for different parts of Malagasy culture. Keep an ear out for the valiha—a bamboo zither with a sound that really stands out.
 

Step 3: Start any administrative tasks

When to do this: 4-6 months before (or longer depending on your country)

Taking care of paperwork early helps avoid last-minute stress. Your visa, vaccinations, and health preparations will determine where you can go and how smoothly your entry into Madagascar will be. A lot of people put these tasks off until the last minute, but it can be truly stressful when you need extra medical appointments or paperwork that can’t be rushed. Here's a couple of things to consider at this stage; for a more thorough look, see our Madagascar travel advice. 

Do you need a visa to go to Madagascar?

Most travelers do, but the process is pretty straightforward. You can get a visa on arrival or apply online ahead of time. The online option is usually easier—you skip the airport lines and get everything sorted before you go.

Tourist visas are available for 30, 60, or 90 days, and you can choose between single or multiple entry. For a visa on arrival, you’ll need a passport that’s valid for at least six months after your trip, two blank pages, proof of accommodation, and a return ticket. If you’re applying online, you’ll also need a digital passport photo and your travel itinerary.

If you're traveling for business, you'll need extra documents like a letter of invitation. Visa fees are paid in cash (euros are the easiest) at the airport or by card if you apply online.

How long does an e-visa take?

Usually about 3–5 working days, though there’s a faster option if you need it—more like 24–48 hours. The application is done through Madagascar’s official immigration site. You’ll create an account, fill in your details, upload a passport scan, photo, and your travel info, then pay online. Once approved, you’ll get a confirmation email with the e-visa attached. Print it and bring it with you. You can track the status through your online account, and if anything’s delayed, it’s worth contacting your nearest embassy.
 

What vaccines do you need to go to Madagascar?

If you're flying in directly from a country without yellow fever, nothing is mandatory. But if you’re arriving from or transiting through a country where yellow fever is present, you’ll need a Yellow Fever Certificate to get in.

There are also a few vaccines that are strongly recommended. These include Hepatitis A and B, Typhoid, Tetanus-diphtheria, MMR, Polio, and Rabies—especially if you’ll be spending time outside cities or staying for a while. Most travel clinics can help figure out what makes sense for you, based on your route and health history. It’s best to get these at least 4–8 weeks before your trip. For more information, see our Madagascar travel tips.

Should you bring malaria tablets?

It depends on where you're going. Malaria is more common in coastal and lowland regions, especially during the rainy season (November to April). In higher areas, like the central highlands above 1,500 meters, risk is lower but not zero.

Talk to a travel health professional—they can recommend the right medication based on your itinerary and what works well for you. The most common options are Atovaquone/Proguanil (Malarone), Doxycycline, or Mefloquine.

Even with meds, it’s still important to protect yourself. Use insect repellent with 30–50% DEET, wear long sleeves and pants in the evenings, sleep under a mosquito net, and consider treating your clothes with permethrin if you'll be outdoors a lot. If you’re heading to a remote area, it’s also smart to pack a basic medical kit with something for fevers and a few malaria test kits, just in case.

Step 4: Core planning your Madagascar itinerary

When to do this: 3–5 months before

Once you’ve made your wish list, this is where the real planning starts. Pick out the places you and your travel crew agree are must-dos, then map out how to get from one to the next. After that, see what’s nearby or along the way—you might find a few unexpected spots worth adding. Getting around takes more time than you’d think.

How do you get around Madagascar?

Getting around Madagascar comes with its own set of quirks. There are domestic flights between most major towns and tourist areas, run by Air Madagascar and Tsaradia. They’re usually the fastest option, though delays can happen.
Road travel is possible but is difficult. A lot of the roads are unpaved or in rough shape, and during the rainy season (November to April), some are completely washed out. A 4WD is pretty much essential if you’re heading to national parks or anywhere outside the cities. Even the main highways can turn into bumpy tracks full of potholes.

If you’re planning to go remote, it helps to hire a local driver who knows the current road conditions. GPS isn’t always reliable here, and road quality can change fast depending on the weather. 

Is it better to fly or drive in Madagascar?

It depends on how much time you’ve got and how you like to travel. Flying is quicker by far—a flight might take under an hour, while driving the same distance could take all day. But flights can be pricey. Renting a 4WD with a driver is usually cheaper per day and gives you more flexibility on the ground.

Some places are easy to reach by road from the capital, like Andasibe and Ranomafana. Others, like the western baobab regions or the south, are harder to get to without flying part of the way. During the rainy season, some areas—especially in the north, east, and northwest—can be cut off entirely by road, so flights might be the only realistic choice. 

You don’t have to pick just one. A combo—flying the long stretches and driving within regions—can work well.

Can you travel Madagascar by boat?

You can, especially if you're curious about the coast or looking to slow things down a bit. In places like Nosy Be, Diego Suarez, and Fort Dauphin, local boats—both motorboats and traditional dhows—connect beaches and fishing villages. These trips are more informal and don’t always run on a set schedule, so flexibility is key.

There are also river trips, like multi-day journeys along the Tsiribihina River. These are more about the experience than getting somewhere fast—think drifting past remote villages and spotting wildlife.

Island-hopping near Nosy Be is the most straightforward kind of boat travel, with regular connections to nearby islands like Nosy Komba and Nosy Tanikely. You’ll also find some boats heading to the farther-out Mitsio and Radama islands, though less frequently. Private charters are an option too, and joining a group can help cut down the cost.

Step 5: Lock in the major bookings

When to do this: 4-5 months before (or earlier for high season)

Now’s when your plans really start to come together. Booking early is key, especially if you’re headed to popular spots like national parks where rooms fill up fast. Madagascar’s high season (June-September) can see lodges and coastal places book up months in advance, so it’s best not to wait. Start by locking in flights to Antananarivo, then book accommodations near the parks.

If you're hopping between different regions, consider booking a package that includes transportation and guides—this can make things simpler and may even save you money.

What's the best way to book flights to Madagascar?

Most people fly into Antananarivo (TNR), and there aren’t many direct flights, so you’ll usually connect through a major hub. If you’re coming from Europe, Paris and Istanbul are common connection points. 

From within Africa, Nairobi and Addis Ababa are reliable jumping-off spots. Airlines like Air France, Turkish Airlines, Kenya Airways, and Ethiopian Airlines tend to have the most consistent routes. If you're traveling from the Middle East, look into options from Emirates or Qatar Airways with stopovers elsewhere. It’s worth checking schedules carefully—some of these flights only run a few times a week, and connections can be long. For more tips, see our guide to getting to Madagascar.

Where should you stay in Madagascar?

Most travelers stick to either the north or south, depending on what kind of trip they’re planning. The north is great if you're into rainforests and beach time around Nosy Be. The south has more of the dry landscapes, baobab trees, and some quiet coastal areas. It’s possible to combine both, but you’ll need at least three weeks to make it work without rushing. See more about accommodation in Madagascar.

Where should you stay in Antananarivo?

Antananarivo, or “Tana,” is spread across hills, with different neighborhoods offering their own vibes. It mixes French colonial architecture with Malagasy style, and it's both your entry point and a cultural spot in itself. Most people spend a day or two here before moving on. Here are some of the best places to stay in Antananarivo:

• Upper town: Haute-Ville sits on a hill with cooler air and older architecture. It’s close to the Queen’s Palace and some well-known restaurants. Just be ready for a bit of a climb—steep streets and stairs are part of the deal.
• Lower town: The flatter parts of downtown are easier to navigate on foot and have quick access to markets and transit. It’s busier down there and doesn’t have the same old-world feel, but it can be more practical if you’re moving around a lot.
• Mid-hill areas: Between the hilltop and downtown, you’ll find quieter residential neighborhoods that are still within walking distance of most things. These spots can be a nice middle ground if you’re looking for something more low-key.
• Near the airport: A few newer hotels have opened up along the road between the airport and city. They’re useful if you’re arriving late or leaving early, and some have things like airport shuttles or on-site restaurants. Just know you won’t get much of a sense of the city in this area.

What to consider when booking lodges near national parks

If you're planning to visit parks during peak season (July to September), try to book your lodge at least 4–6 months in advance. Staying near the entrance makes it easier to start early—wildlife, especially lemurs, tends to be more active in the morning. 

Some parks, like Andasibe, are a straightforward drive from the capital. Others, like Masoala, take more coordination and usually involve boat transfers. In more remote spots, electricity might only run for part of the day, and Wi-Fi is often unavailable. Some of the closer or better-located lodges can be pricey, but being nearby can make a big difference in how your visit plays out.
 

Step 6: Plan and book your activities

When to do this: 3-4 months before

This is the fun part—nailing down what you’ll do once you’re there. Start by making a rough itinerary, but keep in mind that travel in Madagascar can take longer than you might expect. Things like weather and distance can slow you down, so leave room for flexibility.  

How do you visit the national parks?

To visit any national park in Madagascar, you’ll need to go with a certified local guide—it’s required. These guides are trained through Madagascar National Parks (MNP) and know the terrain really well, along with the local plants and animals. For some parks, you can just show up and find a guide at the entrance. But if you’re heading to popular ones like Andasibe-Mantadia or Ranomafana, it’s better to book ahead—especially if you're going during the busy season from July to September. Most lodges or tour companies can help you sort that out.

Entrance fees for foreigners usually fall between 45,000–65,000 Ariary (roughly $10–15 USD) per day. That money goes directly toward conservation and supporting nearby communities. A few parks charge extra for certain trails or specific activities, and most don’t take cards—only cash in Ariary—so plan accordingly. Some parks, like Isalo or Tsingy de Bemaraha, are pretty big and need more than a day to explore, so you’ll want to plan some extra time there. Exploring the national parks is one of the best things to do in Madagascar.

What is the best national park pass to buy?

There are a couple of pass options depending on your travel plans. If you’re only visiting one park, a single-entry pass is fine. But if you’re planning to visit a few over the course of a month, a multiple-entry pass will save you a bit. There’s also the “Passport to the Parks,” which gives you access to all MNP-managed parks for a flat fee—good to have if you’re trying to see more than just a couple.

Standard passes include personal photography, but if you’re planning to do any commercial work—like using a drone or filming—you’ll need a separate permit. Those need to be arranged ahead of time through the MNP office in Antananarivo, and they can take a couple of weeks to process, so don’t leave it to the last minute.

Should you get a private guide for wildlife viewing?

It’s a good idea. The park guides are knowledgeable, but private guides can really help if you’re hoping to see specific animals. They tend to know where certain species hang out and can shape the trip around what you’re most interested in—lemurs, chameleons, birds, or whatever else. They also usually share more context around animal behavior and ecosystems, which can make the experience more interesting.

In thicker forests like Masoala or Kirindy, where wildlife can be harder to spot, having a guide who knows the area well makes a difference. Private guides usually charge around $30–60 USD per day. You can often book them through tour operators, and the more experienced ones tend to get booked early—so it’s worth reaching out a few months in advance if that’s something you’re thinking about.

What activities should you book in advance?

Madagascar’s tourism infrastructure is pretty limited, and popular activities can fill up fast. To avoid disappointment, it’s a good idea to book things ahead of time, especially for more specialized experiences like wildlife tracking or visiting remote parks. 

• Wildlife tours (2–3 months ahead): If you’re planning to visit national parks like Andasibe-Mantadia during the busy season (July to September), it’s smart to book guides and nearby lodging early.
• Special wildlife experiences (4–6 weeks ahead): Whale watching in Sainte Marie and night walks in Kirindy tend to fill up quickly during peak months
• Internal flights (3–4 months ahead): Some domestic routes—especially to places like the Masoala Peninsula or Tsingy de Bemaraha—run on limited schedules, and seats go fast.
• River cruises and multi-day treks (3+ months ahead): Trips like the Tsiribihina River cruise or longer treks in Andringitra or the Makay Massif need a bit of lead time to sort out logistics.
• Cultural experiences (4+ weeks ahead): Homestays in traditional villages or workshops with local artisans should be arranged in advance, ideally through a group that focuses on community-based tourism.

What are the best things to do in Antananarivo?

Antananarivo is a mix of colonial French architecture and traditional Malagasy culture, and it’s worth more than just a quick stop.

Royal Hill of Ambohimanga

Just 13 miles (21 km) northeast of the city, this UNESCO site is one of the most important places in Madagascar’s royal history. It used to be the royal residence and burial ground for the Merina kings and queens, and you can still feel how sacred it is. The views from up there are incredible—wide, open countryside stretching in every direction.

Rova palace complex

This palace complex sits right at the top of the city, and you can see it from almost anywhere in town. Most of it burned down in the ’90s, but parts of it have been rebuilt—including the Queen’s Palace and several tombs. There's a small museum on-site with historical objects that help give context to what you're seeing. Late afternoon is a good time to go.

Markets and crafts

If you’re curious about everyday life in Antananarivo, head to Analakely Market. It’s big, a bit chaotic, and full of energy. For handmade crafts, check out the Artisan Market near Lac Anosy—plenty of wood carvings, woven goods, and embroidered textiles. For something a little more curated, Lisy Art Gallery has a wide selection of local art, and La Chocolaterie Robert is a solid place to pick up chocolate made from Madagascar’s own cacao.

Day trips

If you want to get out of the city for a bit, there are some easy day trips worth doing. Lemur Park is about 14 miles (22 km) away and is a good place to see lemurs up close without needing to hike through a forest. Ambatolampy, about 50 miles (85 km) south, is known for its aluminum workshops—people have been casting cooking pots there the same way for generations, and you can usually watch the process. If you’re more into nature, the Anjozorobe Forest Corridor is a couple of hours away and has quiet rainforest trails with chances to see indri lemurs and other wildlife.

What should you eat in Madagascar?

Most meals start with rice and come with a flavorful "laoka" (accompaniment) of meat, seafood, or vegetables. The food draws from different parts of the world—Southeast Asia, Africa, France, and India—but has its own distinct character. You’ll also see a lot of fresh fruit, and spices like vanilla, cloves, and ginger show up in both savory and sweet dishes.

Markets are a great way to get a feel for what people actually eat. Analakely Market in Tana is huge and full of street food. On the coast, fish markets like the ones in Toamasina are worth a visit.

Here are a few dishes to look out for:

• Romazava (Hotel Colbert, Antananarivo): A slow-cooked stew made with beef, pork, and local greens like brèdes mafana. It’s got a mellow, comforting flavor and is often considered a staple in Malagasy cooking.
• Ravitoto (Chez Mariette, Toamasina): Cassava leaves are pounded and simmered with pork and coconut milk. The texture is soft and a bit earthy—something like creamed spinach, but richer.
• Koba (Street vendors in Antsirabe): A dense snack made with peanuts, rice flour, and banana, wrapped in banana leaves and steamed. It’s sweet, slightly tangy, and surprisingly filling.
• Mofo Gasy (Morning markets in Fianarantsoa): These small rice flour pancakes are cooked in a cast iron pan with round molds. They’re slightly sweet, a little chewy, and great with a cup of coffee in the morning.

Step 7: Handle the last details

When to do this: 1-2 months before

This phase is about making sure everything is squared away. Confirm all your bookings, download offline maps, and set up a communication plan for your loved ones. Organize your documents and create a daily itinerary with contact info for guides and accommodations. If you need any special gear for Madagascar’s varied environments, now’s the time to get it.

Should you get travel insurance for Madagascar?

Yes. It’s not something to skip for this trip. Madagascar’s pretty remote, and medical care outside the capital is limited. If you need to be evacuated, it can cost tens of thousands of dollars. Look for insurance that includes evacuation coverage (aim for at least $100,000). 

It’s also worth getting trip interruption coverage—transport delays and weather issues happen, especially during cyclone season (December to March). If you’re bringing gear like a camera or drone, check that it's covered too. Things can get knocked around on bumpy roads, boat transfers, and long treks through the parks. Theft and damage in remote areas are harder to deal with if you’re not insured.

How do you stay connected in Madagascar?

Staying connected takes a bit of planning. The best move is to buy a local SIM card when you land in Antananarivo—Telma, Orange, and Airtel are the main providers. You’ll need an unlocked phone. If your phone supports eSIMs, you might be able to sort that out before the trip. 

Either way, don’t expect much once you leave the cities. Wi-Fi isn’t reliable, even in nicer hotels, and there’s often no signal at all in parks or remote villages. Download offline maps, translation apps, and anything else you’ll want before you go. Save your key documents somewhere you can access without internet. Once you’re out in nature, assume you’ll be offline for a while—let friends or family know ahead of time so they’re not worried if they don’t hear from you.

What currency is used in Madagascar?

You’ll be using the Malagasy Ariary (MGA), and cash is essential. You can exchange money at the airport or at banks and bigger hotels in Antananarivo. Keep your receipts—you might be asked for them when leaving the country. 

ATMs outside the capital are unreliable and often don’t work with international cards. Some run out of money. It’s smart to bring crisp, recent USD or Euro bills (no rips or marks) and bring a mix of denominations. Most places—like lodges, drivers, or guides—expect cash. A few high-end hotels might take cards, but it often comes with a fee.

Should you bring euros to Madagascar?

Yes, euros can be helpful. In some touristy areas, you might be able to pay directly in euros at hotels or with tour operators. Sometimes the rate is even better than paying in Ariary. You’ll still need Ariary for most local spots, but having euros gives you a backup when ATMs are down or out of cash. Just make sure the bills are clean and not too old—damaged notes can be refused.

Where can you find ATMs in Madagascar?

Mostly in cities like Antananarivo, Toamasina, and Nosy Be. BNI Madagascar and Bank of Africa tend to work best with international cards. Outside of those cities, it’s hit-or-miss. A lot of tourist areas have no ATMs at all, and even when you find one, it might have limits on how much you can take out or be out of service entirely. Power outages don’t help. Bring enough cash for the parts of your trip that take you off the grid, and keep it in a safe spot.

What should you pack for Madagascar?

You’ll want to pack light but smart. Bring a headlamp—power cuts are common—and clothes that dry quickly and work for hiking. Neutral colors are best for wildlife viewing. Long pants and sleeves help in rainforests, both for bugs and scratchy plants. Sturdy hiking shoes are a good idea. It can get chilly in the highlands, so bring a couple of warm layers and a lightweight rain jacket. The sun is strong, so a wide-brimmed hat, sunscreen, and sunglasses are all useful. 

For bugs, bring strong repellent (at least 30% DEET), permethrin-treated clothes if you have them, and your own mosquito net in case your lodging doesn’t provide one. A small med kit is important—include your malaria meds, anything you regularly take, and basics like antibiotics and anti-diarrheals. Pharmacies can be hard to find once you leave the cities.

Madagascar with kids

Madagascar with kids can be a great trip, but it takes some planning. It usually works best for kids around age 7 and up—old enough to enjoy wildlife and handle the long, bumpy drives. Health prep is important: make sure vaccinations are current, including typhoid and hepatitis A, and pack a solid medical kit with child-friendly meds. You’ll also want to be strict about mosquito protection.

There are a few places that tend to work well for families. Vakona Forest Lodge is popular for its on-site lemur island, and Andasibe Hotel is nearby if you’re visiting the national park. Nosy Be has a range of coastal spots with swimming pools and easier days. When planning your route, it helps to focus on variety without packing in too much travel. Andasibe-Mantadia, Ranomafana, and some time by the beach is a good mix.

Madagascar for solo travelers

Solo travel in Madagascar can be really rewarding if you're prepared. It's a place where being a bit cautious goes a long way—avoid traveling at night, keep your valuables out of sight, and stay in regular contact with someone at home. If it’s your first time there, joining a small group tour can take a lot of the pressure off. Tours through companies like Intrepid Travel or G Adventures tend to attract other solo travelers, so it’s an easy way to meet people and share the cost of things like park guides and private transport.

If you're traveling on your own but want a bit of social time, spots like Antananarivo, Diego Suarez, and Île Sainte-Marie are usually good bets. Guesthouses often have communal meals or day trips you can join. A good approach is to start with a few organized activities, then branch out on your own once you’ve got your bearings.

Luxury in Madagascar

Luxury here isn’t about five-star hotels—it’s more about having space and access to places that are harder to reach. Private reserves like Anjajavy or Miavana are known for their wildlife and quiet surroundings. Lodges like Time + Tide Miavana or Mantasaly Resort focus on design, sustainability, and remote settings—think open views, quiet beaches, and a slower pace, not flashy extras.

Getting around by private boat or helicopter can make a big difference, especially since road travel is often slow and bumpy. These kinds of transfers also open up parts of the country you might not get to otherwise. If you're planning something special, it’s possible to arrange things like lemur walks with researchers, meals in remote baobab groves, or one-on-one visits with local communities. A lot of luxury trips here follow a loose pattern: rainforest, desert, and a quiet island at the end, which gives you a good sense of how varied the landscape is.

Madagascar with Rough Guides

If all this planning is starting to make your head spin, we are here to help.  Our tailor-made trips are made by local travel experts who know the ins and outs of the area. Each trip is customized to what you want to see and do and comes with support 24/7 while you are traveling.